Useful words - Danish to English

afd./afdøde, den = the dead, the departed, the late

aftægtsmand =  a man, cared for by people who took over his farm or house.

aftægtskone =  a woman, cared for by people who took over her farm or house

alias = also known as

almisselem = pauper

amt = county

ane / forfader = ancestor

aner / forfædre = ancestors

anetavle/tavler = genealogical table/tables

anmærkning = note

arbeider/en arbejder = a worker (fem. arbeiderske/arbejderske)

b. B. = bar Barnet (til døbefonten) = carried the child (to the baptismal font) i.e. the person carrying the child was the child's godmother

barn = child

børn = children

bedstefader/bedstefar = grandfather

bedstemoder/bedstemor = grandmother

begravelse = burial

begravet = buried

bopæl/sted = address, residence

bor på/boende på = living at/residing at

boende i = residing in

borger = citizen

borgerlig = civil (e.g. marriage)

borgerlige vielser = civil marriages

bonde = peasant, farmer

broder/bror = brother (pl. brødre)

brud = bride

brudgom = bridegroom

bryllup/vielse = wedding/marriage

bødker = cooper

civilstand = married state

copulerede/viede = married (also heading for weddings)

dagleier (daglejer) = day-labourer (fem: dagleierske)

datter = daughter

døtre = daughters

degn/kordegn = sacristan, parish clerk

dreng = boy

drenge = boys

død = death/died

døde = deceased, died

dør = dies

dødfødt = stillborn

dåb (daab) = baptism/christening

efterkommer = descendant

efterkommere = descendants

ejusdem = samme måned = same month

enke = widow

enkemand = widower

eodem die/die ut supra = samme dag = same day

f./født (efter en gift kvindes navn) = née

fadder/dåbsvidne = godfather/godmother = witness at the christening of a child/sponsor at baptism

faddere = plural witnesses at baptism

fader/far = father

familie = family

familierelation = family relation / relationship

farbroder/farbror = Uncle (father's brother)

farfader/farfar = paternal grandfather

farmoder/farmor = paternal grandmother

farver = dyer

faster = aunt (father's sister)

fattiglem = pauper

fhv./forhenværende = former, ex-

folketælling = census list

folketællinger/FT = polulation censuses / census lists / records / registries

forfader / ane = ancestor

forfædre / aner = ancestors

forlover = witness at marriage

forlove sig med = become/get engaged to

forlovelse = engagement

forlovet med = engaged to

forpagter = tenant (tenant farmer)

forsørges af/underholdes af = is being supported by

fotoalbum = photo album

frue = "Mrs." (not used of peasant-women)

fruentimmer = woman (often = unmarried mother)

frøken/frk. = unmarried woman, "Miss" (not used of peasant-women)

fæstegårdmand = copyholder, farmer

fæstehusmand = copyholder, smallholder

fætter = male cousin

fætter eller kusine i første slægtsled (kødelig fætter/kusine) = first cousin (of first/present generation)

fætter eller kusine på mødrene side = maternal 1st cousin

fætter eller kusine på fædrene side = paternal 1st cousin

fødested = the place of birth

født/f. = born (birth)

født/f. (pigenavn) = maiden name (see née)

fødsel/f. = birth

gartner = gardener

garver = tanner

garversvend - a tanner who holds a certificate of completed appenticeship

garvermester = a tanner master who has people in his employment

gift = married

gik hos (hende) = followed/accompanied (her). See also: stod hos (hende)

godsejer/proprietær = (large) farmer/landowner/proprietor

grav = grave / burial place / tomb

gravmonument = sepulchral monument

gravsted = burial place

gravsten = gravestone/headstone

gudmoder/gudmor = godmother

gårdejer = owner of a farm

gårdmand = farmer

halvonkel/halvfarbror/halvmorbror (en fars eller mors halvbror) = half uncle

En halvonkel kan af en fætters eller kusines børn også kaldes halvonkel. På dansk er der intet enkelt "navn" for hvad en halvonkel kan kalde sin fætters eller kusines børn.

halvonkel eller halvtante (til fætters eller kusines søn eller datter) = 1st cousin 1 x removed

halvtante/halvfaster/halvmoster (en fars eller mors halvsøster) = half aunt

En halvtante kan af en fætters eller kusines børn også kaldes halvtante. På dansk er der intet enkelt "navn" for hvad en halvtante kan kalde sin fætters eller kusines børn.

halvtante eller halvonkel (til fætters eller kusines søn eller datter) = 1st cousin 1 x removed

handelsgartner = market gardener

hattemager = hatter

hattemagersvend = a hatter who holds a certificate of completed appenticeship

hattemagermester = a hatter master who has people in his employment

herred = district

historier = stories

hjemmedøbt = christened at home

Holland/Nederlandene = the Netherlands

hollænder = Dutchman

hollænder = mejerist = dairyman

hollænderi / mejeri = dairy

husbond/ægtemand = master of the house/husband

husfader = head of the family/master of the house

husfolk = smallholders (about a couple)

husfæster = a copyholder (copyholding a small farm)

husmand = smallholder

husmoder/husmor = housewife

husstand = household

hustru = wife, married woman. Another word is "kone"

ibidem/ibid = samme sted = same place

inderste = tenant

indsidder = tenant

indført = entered in KB

jomfru = "maiden" (lit: "virgin") (not used of peasant-women)

jordbruger = farmer/agriculturist

jordemoder/gjordemoder = midwife

jordløs husmand = Smallholder (without land of his own)

karl = farmhand

KB = kirkebog = parish register /parish registry

KB-opslag = reference No. for looking up a source in a parish register - in most cases there are two reference numbers. The last number against the source-name registered, plus the actual page No. of the parish register.

kirkebog/kirkebøger = parish register(s) / parish registries

kilde = source (e.g. in a Parish Register or a Population Census/Record)

kirke = church

kirkegård/kirkegaard = cemetary / graveyard (smaller place) / churchyard (at the church)

kommune = municipality/local area of a town

kone/hustru/ægtehustru = wife, married woman e.g. hans kone = his wife/his wedded wife

konfirmation = confirmation

konfirmeret = confirmed

Kontakt = how to get in touch/contact with us

kusine = female cousin

kusine eller fætter i første slægtsled (kødelig fætter/kusine) = first cousin (of first/present generation)

kusine eller fætter på mødrene side = maternal 1st cousin

kusine eller fætter på fædrene side = paternal 1st cousin

kusk/fragtkusk = waggoner/wagoner

kvinde/quinde = woman (sometimes = wife)

limfabrikant = glue manufacturer

lærling = apprentice

løjtnant = lieutenant

madmoder = mistress

mand/husbond = man, husband (pl: mænd = men)

moder/mor = mother (pl: mødre)

morbroder/morbror = uncle (mother's brother)

morfader/morfar = maternal grandfather

mormoder/mormor = maternal grandmother

moster = nunt (mother's sister)

murermester = (master) builder/bricklayer

murersvend = bricklayer

møller = miller

nevø = nephew

niece = niece

ny/nye = new

nye spor = news about relatives (that have been found and added to the family tree) the actual meaning is: new tracks

oldefader/oldefar = great grandfather

oldemoder/oldemor = great grandmother

opholdssted = place of residence

ordbog = dictionary

pige = girl, maid. Unmarried woman

quinde/kvinde = woman (sometimes = wife)

se også = see also

side = page

skoleinspektør = head master, head teacher

skræder/skrædder = tailor

slagter = butcher

slægtsforsker/genealog = genealogist

slægtsforskning/slægtshistorie/genealogi = genealogy

slægtsled, første, andet etc. = generation, first, second etc.

snedker = cabinetmaker or carpenter

snedkerlærling cabinetmaker/carpenter apprentice

sogn = parish

stamtræ = genealogical tree

startside = home page

Statens Arkiver = the State Archives

stå hos (hende) = stand by (her)

stod hos (hende) = stood by (her). A very old term used at christening ceremonies in a church. Another old term is: gik hos (hende) = followed/accompanied (her).

svendebrev = certificate of completed apprenticeship

svigerinde = sister-in-law (also: svogerske)

svoger = brother-in-law (also ="male relative")

svogerske = Sister-in-law (also: svigerinde)

syerske = seamstress/dressmaker

søn = son

søster = sister

tidslinie = chronological table

tipoldefar/mor = 2nd great grandfather/mother

tiptipoldefar/2 x tipoldefar/mor = 3rd great grandfather/mor

tiptiptipoldefar/3 x tipoldefar/mor = 4th great grandfather/mother

tjenende hos = serves (followed by employers name)

tjenestedreng = boy servant/male servant/domestic servant/farm hand

tjenestefolk = servants (used for a couple or more than one servant)

tjenestekarl = farm hand/farm labourer (male)

tjenestepige/tj.pige = maid/female servant/domestic servant

trolovelse = betrothal

trolovet = betrothed

tømrer = carpenter

tømrermester = master carpenter

uddannelse = education/training

udvandrer = emigrant

udøbt = not christened - the child died before it could be christened

ugift = unmarried (single)

ungkarl = bachelor

ukendt = unknown

uægte barn/født udenfor ægteskab = illegitimate child/born out of wedlock

vielse = wedding (ceremony), marriage

ægte: legitimate

ægte barn: a legitimate child

ægtefælle = spouse/partner = his wife/her husband

ægtepar = married couple

ægteskab = marriage

ægtestand = married state/matrimony

ægteviede = married

år = the years recorded in the parish register / interval

år = year/years

år = years of age/age

nyttige links = useful links:

Arkivalieronline - Statens Arkiver (SA) - forside:

http://www.sa.dk/content/dk/ao-forside

- Kirkebøger for hele landet (digitised Danish Parish Registries): https://www.sa.dk/ao-soegesider/geo/geo-collection/5

- Folketællinger (Population Censuses): https://www.sa.dk/ao-soegesider/rif/rif-collection/7

- Arkivdatabasen Daisy: http://www.sa.dk/daisy

http://www.sa.dk/content/us/genealogy/online_services

Scannede kirkebøger (parish registries), folketællinger (population censuses), borgerlige vielser (civil marriages) og meget mere - kan også vises her: http://ao.salldata.dk/index.php

Dansk Demografisk Database: http://www.ddd.dda.dk/soeg_person.asp

Dansk Demografisk Database in English: http://ddd.dda.dk/ddd_en.htm

http://www.krabsen.dk/stednavnebase/

http://www.landsarkivetkbh.dk/hovedst/txt/print/lister.htm

http://www.fogsgaard.org/index.php/kobenhavnskegader

http://www.politietsregisterblade.dk/en/index.php

Politiets Registerblade: http://www.politietsregisterblade.dk/index.php

Politiets Registerblade in English:http://www.politietsregisterblade.dk/en/index.php

Denmark Genealogy - FamilySearch: https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Denmark_Genealogy

FamilySearch - Historical records: https://familysearch.org/search

Dansk kalender med helligdage - år 1500-2099: http://rmadsen.dk/kal/

Gammeldags tidsregning: http://www.landsarkivetkbh.dk/genealogi/tid/liste.htm

Rosekamp - forside: http://www.rosekamp.dk/

Rosekamp - Danske Jurister - år 1736-1936: http://www.rosekamp.dk/Juris_web/start.htm

Bornholms Slægts- og Lokalhistoriske Forening: http://www.bslf.dk/index.asp

Det Danske Udvandrerarkiv: http://www.udvandrerarkivet.dk/udvandrerprotokollerne/

The Danish Emigration Archives - choose language: http://www.udvandrerarkivet.dk/udvandrerprotokollerne/

Dødsfald i Danmark - år 1791-1890: http://www.rosekamp.dk/V_Richter_All/Start.htm

Help from  Statens Arkiver (SA) - Nyttige hjælpemidler fra Statens Arkiver (SA):

https://www.sa.dk/brug-arkivet/laer/kirkeboeger-hjaelp

- Ord fra kirkebøger 1800-tallet: https://www.sa.dk/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ord-fra-kirkeboeger-1800-tallet.pdf

- Ord fra kirkebøger 1900-tallet: https://www.sa.dk/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ord-fra-kirkeboeger-1900-tallet.pdf